When abbreviating the state names, dont make the mistake of using the postal code abbreviations. The information below highlights some key guidance as well as critical areas in which nij style deviates from ap. Abbreviations may be used when the citation is a reference that follows a block quotation of text. Ap style guide quick reference the difference between academic writing and ap style most, if not all, of the documents created by the department are shared with the public, the education community and the media. Although some publications such as the new york times have developed their own style guidelines, a basic knowledge of ap style is considered essential to those who want to work in print. In order to uphold the integrity and image of the department, it is essential to use a consistent writing style. The names of reference books like the ap stylebook, websters new world dictionary, the bible and for that matter, the koran are not italicized or enclosed.
Most entries in the custom stylebook are unique to ub, but some entries are departures from ap style. Do you know the big differences between ap, apa, chicago, and. This being said, however, the ap stylebook does go on to list some more specific guidelines that are to be followed when using various titles in your text. Associated press style guidelines flashcards quizlet. See appendix d for a list of abbreviations, initialisms, and acronyms common to mla publications. What are the ap, apa, chicago, and mla writing styles. States should also be abbreviated when used as part of a shortform political affiliation. Here is how each state is abbreviated in ap style with the postal code. Sep 19, 2012 professional journalists and business communicators in the united states commonly write in associated press ap style. Ap style was developed and is maintained by the associated press, the worlds oldest news service. When you introduce the handy table with abbreviations, i think you should list the five states that are short and are not abbreviated in ap style e. Websters new world dictionary of the american language, second edition.
Use the state abbreviations listed at the end of this section. But mastering the 500page book, which is updated every year, can be. Some of them are the same as the twoletter postal abbreviations. Ap style state abbreviations differ from their corresponding united states. However, if you are a journalist or business writer who follows the associated press stylebook ap, you will abbreviate the state using the traditional state abbreviations below. See the cities entry for a list of large cities that never need to be identified by state. Associated press style essentials this ap short guide is modeled on one made available in the past by. City names should be in capital letters and in most cases followed by the appropriate ap style abbreviation for the state. Common abbreviations for books of the bible turabian. Before we get into the differences between these four writing styles, we should explain them all a little more. The ap stylebook holds that capitalization, in general, should be confined to formal titles that are used directly before an individuals name. The department prefers bullets, but punctuate them per ap style.
Mastering the ap style rules for abbreviations bka content. Abbreviate names of states when used after the names of cities and. Style guide final edit 2016 allee university of kentucky. Jul 21, 2016 im a huge fan of abbreviations because they make communication easier and spare me from unnecessary typing. Before we begin to enlist the abbreviations, it is mandatory for one to learn and garner information about what ap is, with. Neither means that the usual headlinestyle or titlestyle caps still apply, but the titlename is naked as far as quotes and italics are concerned. New testament nt common abbreviations for books of the. Ap style also calls specifically for lowercase abbreviations for a. Effective may 1, the ap will spell out state names in the body of. We are currently working toward an offsite solution. The names of the books of the bible can be abbreviated.
Most bibles give preferred abbreviation guides in their tables of contents, or at the front of the book. When the name of a state name appears in the body of a text, spell it out. The 2019 edition of the associated press stylebook and briefing on media law includes more than 200 new or revised entries, with chapters covering data journalism, business, fashion, food, religion and sports terms, as well as media law, news values, punctuation, social media, polls and surveys and a new chapter on health and science. Ap style is simply a standardized way of writing everything from dates to street addresses to job titles. Use quotation marks around the titles of books, songs, television shows, computer. This can be particularly tricky with the titles of major works, so heres a few rules to brush up on. The ap style as its known in the trade is quite different.
For spelling, compounding, style, and usage questions that are not covered. Which cities dont need a state abbreviation in ap style. The change is being made to be consistent in our style for domestic and international. The associated press stylebook, first published in 1977, clarified the news organizations rules on grammar, spelling, punctuation and usage.
Writing center quick reference associate press style guide. Ohio state university school of journalism kalamazoo college. You might want to check the ap style for abbreviating state names, though. The good news the positive here is that the grammar gods dont care either way, so if these rules arent in line with your house style or your clients way of writing, then scrap the. When listing mailing addresses on envelopes, use the twoletter postal abbreviation for the state and the ninedigit zip code when possible. Ap stylebook, also known by its full name the associated press stylebook and briefing on media law, is an english grammar style and usage guide created by american journalists working for or connected with the associated press to standardize mass communication.
All you need to know about titles in ap style gatehouse. For singular proper names ending in s sounds such as x, ce, and z, use s for plurals of a single letter, add s do not use s for plurals of numbers or multiple letter combinations bullets associated press style is to use dashes, not bullets, for lists that follow a colon. Always close the author portion of the citation with one period. Abbreviate the following titles when used before a full name outside direct quotations. For street names that are numbers, spell out and capitalize first through ninth. The names of eight states are never abbreviated in datelines or text. Always put a comma between the names of the city and the state and after the name of the state, unless that is the last word in the sentence. This faq webpage from the ap is a great source of information on current issues of grammar, style, punctuation, abbreviations, and other style questions. Ap style holds that a few universally recognized abbreviations are required in some instances and some other abbreviations are acceptable depending on the context, but in general, as a writer, you should avoid having your writing appear as if its alphabet soup. Do you know the big differences between ap, apa, chicago. In order to uphold the integrity and image of the department, it is.
Ap, or associated press, style is most commonly used by journalists. Following is the breakdown between ap style and chicago style. There are quite a few rules in the ap stylebook for state names and ap style state abbreviations. United states army center of military history da go 200701 army strategic management plan da memo 54 employment of military resources in the event of civil disturbances dod directive 3025. Ap style is designed to address the challenges of the organizations large size and readership. But do not capitalize the names of academic and administrative units within colleges and universities except where a word would ordinarily be capitalized. Mar, 2020 you only need to provide initials for the first and middle names, but do include initials for all middle names provided by the source. The following guidance went out on the ap wire wednesday. However, when referring to a city and the state in which it is located, although chicago recommends retaining the spelledout version of the state name san diego, california, ap style calls for abbreviating the state name san diego, calif. Many newspapers, magazines and public relations offices across the united states use ap style. You can find abbreviations discussed in the publication manual in section 4. I strongly prefer the spelledout style because it eliminates confusion about the name of the state.
Now in its sixth edition, the stylebook is the standard style. Use capital letters and periods according to the listings in this book. Mar 14, 2015 ap style for states abbreviations march 14, 2015 a. Aug 15, 2019 if youd like a more visually appealing way to reference ap style state name abbreviations, save this map weve created with all the names you need. There is indeed a science and art behind writing a press release. Referring to the ap style guide again, were told to use figures except for noon and midnight. If you want to know all about the ap style state abbreviations, you have been a wise soul to click on this article. Click a question below to jump straight to its answer. The names of certain states and the united states are abbreviated with periods in some circumstances. This isnt meant to be a tellall, explaineverything guide to the complexities of ap and cms styles, as there are many, many better articles and books out there that do that far better than i can. Our house style, a customized version of ap style, can be found here. The latest edition of the ap stylebook calls for the names of eight states never to be abbreviated in datelines or text.
I really like your map of the ap style for state abbreviations. You only need to provide initials for the first and middle names, but do include initials for all middle names provided by the source. But do you know the big differences between these four popular writing styles. Oct 30, 2015 remember back in college when you had to keep track of all the different ap rules for your student newspaper on top of the chicago manual of style for your academic classes.
Ap is not done rocking the journalism world with style changes. If a source claims the author is anonymous, then state the author as anonymous. Put quotation marks around the names except the bible and catalogs of reference material almanacs, directories, dictionaries, encyclopedias, handbooks, and similar publications. The ap style as its known in the trade is quite different from the new york times style or chicago manual of style. Alaska, hawaii, idaho, iowa, maine, ohio, texas, and utah. But its a topic that came up recently when a client asked me why i used quotation marks instead of italics for a book title in their article. In the latter case, the custom stylebook takes precedence. Ap style recommends spelling out state names in the body of stories effective may 1, 2014 and using abbreviations in datelines.
Ub style guide identity and brand university at buffalo. Common abbreviations for books of the bible turabian new testament nt search this website search. Spell out the names of the two states that are not part of the contiguous united states and of the continental states that are five letters or fewer. Thats an old typewriter convention thats entirely out of date today in media writing. These resources provide an overview of journalistic writing with explanations of the most important and most often used elements of journalism and the associated press style. Sometimes its difficult to remember which rules are ap and which rules are remnants from years of college courses. The ap therefore strives to keep its writing style easy to read, concise and free of bias. The associated press was founded more than 150 years ago and now has thousands of employees working in more than a hundred countries for a readership that numbers in the millions.
If a state s name is standing alone or in conjunction with a city or town in your text, spell out the entire state s name. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. How to write book names, movie names, and song titles in ap style. The pr professionals ap style cheat sheet communique pr. Abbreviations from the table of contents of the chicago manual of style online.
Jun 02, 2015 dont worry, theyre supposed to be confusing. Spiralbound book, updated each spring 2019 ap stylebook. Associated press style basics journalists resource. The best ap style cheat sheet every writer needs free. Include a comma after every last name and inbetween different authors names. The associated press stylebook and briefing on media law official style guide of the associated press, a notforprofit news agency thats been around since 1846. This resource, revised according to the associated press stylebook 2012, offers examples for the general format of ap style. The associated press style is the goto style for journalism and news writing. In this quick guide to state abbreviations, i will cover the differences between ap style and chicago style andjust to prolong your state of confusionwhen to use the common twoletter abbreviations created by the united states postal service if youre writing a research paper or dashing off a blog post, you can probably ignore all the exceptions and special cases and just lean on. Some abbreviations of trade names, organizations, or innovations function as initialisms or acronyms e. Its often used by news organizations, magazines, and web publications, but brands often use it to form the basis of their own style guides, too.
Currently, most state names are abbreviated in stories. This is intended as a quick rundown or cheat sheet. States writing style guide western michigan university. Do not abbreviate alaska, hawaii, idaho, iowa, maine, texas or utah. Before we begin to enlist the abbreviations, it is mandatory for one to learn and garner information about what ap is, with a brief, supplementary note on the history of the same.
Professional journalists and business communicators in the united states commonly write in associated press ap style. Associated press style guidelines study guide by kevindean05 includes 25 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. In this post, we will summarize all of the ap stylebook state. Step 1 author names apa citation style guide libguides. State abbreviations ap doesnt follow standard zip code abbreviations. Do not use post office abbreviations for state names. One of the first things a student in a beginning journalism course learns about is associated press style or ap style for short. A pin cite also called a pinpoint or point cite identifies the specific page of the case you are citing. In conjunction with the name of a city, town, village or military base in text.
Do not abbreviate state names in the body of a story or a dateline. Punctuation the comma is omitted before roman numerals or before jr. Abbreviate state names when used in 1 datelines on stories e. For words not in this book use the firstlisted abbreviation in websters new world college dictionary. Associated press style provides guidelines for news writing. Texas is probably not a good one to use as an example. Publishers locations for apa referencing when you write an apastyle reference list, you need to provide the publishing details publishers name and location when writing reference entries for books, reports, brochures, and other separate, non periodical publications. Although it is sold as a guide for reporters, it has become the leading reference for most forms of publicfacing corporate. When the name of a city and state are used together, the name of the state should be abbreviated except for alaska, hawaii, idaho, iowa, maine, ohio, texas and utah.